Logical Reasoning Logical Deductions 1. Statement:

Logical Reasoning

Logical Deductions

1. Statement:

Raman is always successful. No fool is always successful.

Conclusions:

I. Raman is a fool

II. Raman is not a fool

A. Only I follows

B. Only II follows

C. Either I or II follows

D. Both I and II follow

Answer : B. Only II follows

Explanation : 

Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, II follows. 

2. Statement:

All trucks fly. Some Scooters fly.

Conclusions:

I.All trucks are scooters

II. Some scooters do not fly

A. Only I follows

B. Only II follows

C. Neither I nor II follows

D. Both I and II follow

Answer : C. Neither I nor II follows 

Explanation : 

Since the middle term "fly" is not distributed even once in the premises, so no definition conclusion follows

3. Statement:

All grasses are trees. No tree is shrub.

Conclusions:

I. No grasses are shrubs.

II. Some shrubs are grasses.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Either I or II follows

D. Both I and II follow

Answer :

A. Only conclusion I follows

Explanation : 

Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, conclusion 2 cannot follow.